But the change is a must, " he said, adding that the revision would also streamline the litigation process, as investigators would try harder to collect evidence instead of getting confessions “但是這種改變是必須的?!彼f道,特別強(qiáng)調(diào)這種修訂會(huì)讓訴訟變得更有成效。因?yàn)檗k案人員勢(shì)必更加努力去搜集證據(jù)而不只是得到口供。
As an important system in civil procedure law, the withdrawal system is stipulated more specific and scientific, much more it can do to protect and manifest the justice of the litigation process and result 回避制度作為民事訴訟法的一項(xiàng)重要制度,法律對(duì)其規(guī)定得越明確實(shí)用、越科學(xué)合理,就越能保障和體現(xiàn)訴訟程序的公正和訴訟結(jié)果的公正。
The principle of not using mediation in administration procedure with the exception of the administration compensation dispute applied, is to strictly forbid the random jus dispodendi of administration subject in the litigation process, and to realize the legislative purpose of “ supervising the administration body by law ” 現(xiàn)行《行政訴訟法》在除行政賠償糾紛之外的其他行政訴訟糾紛領(lǐng)域內(nèi)排除調(diào)解制度的適用,意在于訴訟進(jìn)程中嚴(yán)禁行政主體任意處分行政權(quán),以實(shí)現(xiàn)其“監(jiān)督行政機(jī)關(guān)依法行使行政職權(quán)”的立法意圖。
As for the nature of withdrawing charges, there was a contention between the theory of litigation contract and the theory of litigation action . the article discusses the contention, questions the theory of litigation action that later becomes the general theory . through analyzing the development of the nature of withdrawing charges, the article puts forward the theory of desire expressing and hold that, so for as its nature is concerned, the withdrawing charges ought to be defined as desire expressing in the litigation process 歷史上關(guān)于撤訴的性質(zhì)有訴訟契約說和訴訟行為說的爭(zhēng)論,文章對(duì)此進(jìn)行了評(píng)析,對(duì)以后逐漸成為通說的訴訟行為說提出了質(zhì)疑,考察了撤訴性質(zhì)的演變并提出了意思表示說,認(rèn)為在性質(zhì)上應(yīng)當(dāng)將民事撤訴界定為當(dāng)事人起訴后,向?qū)Ψ疆?dāng)事人和法院提出撤回其訴的全部或一部,不再要求對(duì)爭(zhēng)議做出裁判的意思表示。
The scientific nature means that the measures and equipments adopted in identifying are scientific, the explanatory basis and the standards of identifying and judging are scientific, besides, the principal parts who carry out the identification must be the experts mastering special scientific knowledge; the legal nature refers to the administer justice identification must exist in the litigation process, its starting and carrying our procedures must conform to the requirement of law and also its conclusion is one of the legal evidence forms 筆者認(rèn)為,司法鑒定的基本性質(zhì)在于其科學(xué)性和法律性,科學(xué)性指鑒定所采用的方法、設(shè)備是科學(xué)的,解釋的依據(jù)、鑒別和判斷的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是科學(xué)的,并且實(shí)施鑒定的主體必須是掌握專門科學(xué)知識(shí)的專家;法律性指司法鑒定必須存在于訴訟過程中,其啟動(dòng)和實(shí)施的程序必須符合法律的要求,并且其結(jié)論是法定證據(jù)形式之一。