The contradictions that china encountered in the process of promoting performance evaluation of local governments include : contradiction between scientific concepts of performance evaluation and traditional achievement concepts ; contradiction of asymmetric information of performance evaluation ; contradiction between multiple subject of performance evaluation and single subject of performance evaluation ; contradiction between performance measurement of performance evaluation and the specific characteristics of public goods 摘要中國(guó)在推進(jìn)地方政府績(jī)效評(píng)估中遇到的悖論是:績(jī)效評(píng)估的科學(xué)理念與傳統(tǒng)政績(jī)觀的悖論、績(jī)效評(píng)估的信度要求與信息不對(duì)稱的悖論、績(jī)效評(píng)估的多元主體與單一治理主體的悖論、績(jī)效評(píng)估的績(jī)效測(cè)量與政府產(chǎn)出特殊性的悖論。
Comparing with the traditional statistic and query methods , data mining concerns multiple subjects , congregating some research results of artificial intelligence , pattern distinguishing , database , machine study and management information system , etc . data mining is a newly - established frontier subject 與傳統(tǒng)的統(tǒng)計(jì)、查詢方法相比,數(shù)據(jù)挖掘技術(shù)涉及到多個(gè)學(xué)科,匯集了人工智能、模式識(shí)別、數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)、機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)以及管理信息系統(tǒng)等學(xué)科的成果。數(shù)據(jù)挖掘是一個(gè)新興的邊緣學(xué)科,其應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域非常廣泛,并且具有良好的應(yīng)用前景。
Based on the above background and the current establishment of authenticated student information system , this article has designed a pki security system which fit eduction administration management pattern and have completed system design and application development for schools to apply their certificates . thereinto , it is mainly included with the model design of certificate apply for multiple subject of school and school superior which to resolve on - line identity verification problem the model implement in the browser / server pattern . additionally , making use of graduate school ' s advantage in the smard card technology , i have designed and developed general component providing smart card service , which is independent with upper applications . upper applications can use uniform interfaces to realize communication with different cards and cardreaders . so this smard service component make the smard card application more easily to use the smart card service 基于以上背景,并借asi ( authenticatedstudentinformation )學(xué)生信任信息體系建立之契機(jī),在本文中有針對(duì)的設(shè)計(jì)了一套符合教育行政管理模式的pki安全認(rèn)證系統(tǒng),完成了核心環(huán)節(jié)“學(xué)校證書申請(qǐng)”部分的體系設(shè)計(jì)與系統(tǒng)開發(fā)。其中主要包括建立包含學(xué)校與學(xué)校主管單位信息雙重主體的證書申請(qǐng)?jiān)O(shè)計(jì)模型,解決學(xué)校在線證書申請(qǐng)的身份審核問題,并在瀏覽器服務(wù)器模式( browse server模式)下予以實(shí)現(xiàn);借助教育部校園卡標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化研究所在智能卡技術(shù)方面的優(yōu)勢(shì),設(shè)計(jì)與開發(fā)了本系統(tǒng)中基于windows平臺(tái)的智能卡通用服務(wù)組件,以實(shí)現(xiàn)智能卡服務(wù)與上層應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)完全獨(dú)立,應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)通過相同的接口調(diào)用完成與不同卡和讀卡設(shè)備的交互工作,從而簡(jiǎn)化與擴(kuò)展了智能卡相關(guān)功能服務(wù)等。
On the basis of research available and through seven aspects : the family structure , vocational structure , the structure of the mode of life , psychological and cultural structure , income structure , organization structure and social identity , the thesis reflects the process of urbanization in the community between rural and urban areas , especially demonstrates the unique characteristics of urbanization in the community between rural and urban areas of the east of china by taking shui village and kong village in anning district lanzhou city of gansu province as the example and using the advantage of multiple subjects such as sociology , anthropology , economics , etc . the transition of the community between rural and urban areas is their imitation and incorporation into the urbanization , and the effect of their spread and radioaction 本研究在已有研究的基礎(chǔ)上,應(yīng)用社會(huì)學(xué)、人類學(xué)、經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)等學(xué)科的綜合研究的優(yōu)勢(shì),以蘭州安寧區(qū)水村和孔村為例,通過對(duì)兩村家庭結(jié)構(gòu)、職業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)、生活方式結(jié)構(gòu)、心理文化結(jié)構(gòu)、收入結(jié)構(gòu)、組織結(jié)構(gòu)和身份認(rèn)同等七個(gè)方面的實(shí)證研究,反映了城鄉(xiāng)結(jié)合部的城市化進(jìn)程,特別是反映了中國(guó)西部?jī)?nèi)地城市化進(jìn)程獨(dú)特的特點(diǎn)。城鄉(xiāng)結(jié)合部轉(zhuǎn)型過程是城鄉(xiāng)結(jié)合部自身模仿、融入城市以及城市的擴(kuò)散輻射效應(yīng)嵌入的過程;城鄉(xiāng)結(jié)合部是許多矛盾、困惑及經(jīng)驗(yàn)反映最集中的場(chǎng)所;同時(shí)是將漫長(zhǎng)的城市化進(jìn)程濃縮在一個(gè)短期內(nèi)進(jìn)行的相對(duì)較小的區(qū)域。
Directed by the theory of the earth systemic science , applying new technologies ( including remote sensing , geographic information system , global position system ) and a proper mathematical model , and combined with multiple subjects ( geology , geography , meteorology , hydrology , human culture , et al ) , the dissertation makes a dynamic analysis and a comprehensive evaluating research on the desertification of the capital and its periphery , and unveils the evolving mechanism of the desertification 論文以地球系統(tǒng)科學(xué)理論為指導(dǎo),運(yùn)用遙感( rs ) 、地理信息系統(tǒng)( gis ) 、衛(wèi)星定位系統(tǒng)( gps )即3s集成技術(shù),多學(xué)科(地質(zhì)、地理、水文氣象、信息、社會(huì)人文等)相結(jié)合,并選用適當(dāng)?shù)臄?shù)學(xué)模型,對(duì)首都及鄰區(qū)土地沙漠化現(xiàn)狀及發(fā)展趨勢(shì)進(jìn)行動(dòng)態(tài)分析與綜合評(píng)價(jià)研究,初步揭示了首都及鄰區(qū)土地沙漠化演化機(jī)理。