These systems operate on a wide variety of continuous time signals , which include speech , medical imaging , sonar , radar , electronic warfare , instrumentation , consumer electronics and telecommunications systems ( terrestrial and satellite ) . one of the key to the success of these systems has been advances in the development of the font end of the electronic systems - analog - to - digital converters ( a / d ) which converter the continuous - time stimuli signals to discrete - time binary - coded form 這些系統(tǒng)可廣泛地應用于處理連續(xù)時間信號,包括語音、醫(yī)學成像、聲、雷達、電子對戰(zhàn)、儀器、消費電器、遠程通訊(地面和衛(wèi)星)等,而這些系統(tǒng)成功的關鍵因素之一就是電子系統(tǒng)的前端部件? ? a d取得了長足的進步( a d把連續(xù)時間信號轉(zhuǎn)換成離散時間、二進制編碼的數(shù)字信號,便于后級精確的數(shù)字信號處理) 。