Besides the incommensurability of different traditions , ethnocentrism often makes a dialogue between different traditions merely nominal 此外,不可通約的文化傳統(tǒng)以及種族中心主義常常使對(duì)話有名無實(shí)。
Believing that criticism and knowledge are secular and worldly , said reveals that the whole academy of orientalism is constructed to be a way of domination and having authority over the orient and the discourses about the orient are mainly ethnocentric 對(duì)批評(píng)以及知識(shí)的世俗性的確信,使得賽氏得出了一個(gè)具有變革意義的結(jié)論:東方學(xué)是建構(gòu)的,是種族中心主義的,其目的是凌駕于并且控制東方。
This new trend undermines the traditional teaching of history in primary and secondary schools , which is based on the ethnocentric approach , by which nation states use to strengthen national collective identity , often in opposition to other states 這一新趨勢(shì)削弱了傳統(tǒng)的中、小學(xué)歷史教學(xué),傳統(tǒng)歷史教學(xué)建立在種族中心主義方法基礎(chǔ)之上,被民族國(guó)家用于加強(qiáng)民族集體認(rèn)同(通常與其他國(guó)家相對(duì)立) 。
This special cultural structure includes the following cultural conflicts : the conflict between universalism and ethnocentrism , the conflict between totalitarianism and individualism , the conflict between the unbalanced development of market economy and achieving common prosperity , the conflict between the development of science and technology and the rampancy of scientism , and the conflict between radicalism and conservatism 這一特殊的文化結(jié)構(gòu)蘊(yùn)含著以下的文化沖突:一是普世主義與種族中心主義的沖突,二是總體本位與個(gè)體本位的沖突,三是商品經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的不平衡與共同富裕的沖突,四是發(fā)展科學(xué)技術(shù)與科學(xué)主義泛濫的沖突,五是激進(jìn)主義與保守主義文化心態(tài)的沖突。