constraint n. 1.強(qiáng)迫,拘束。 2.約束,壓抑,拘泥。 3.強(qiáng)制力。 4.緊張感[狀態(tài)]。 by constraint 勉強(qiáng),強(qiáng)迫。 feel constraint覺(jué)得局促不安,感受壓迫。 show constraint顯得局促。 under [in] constraint 被迫,不得不;被束縛著。
be characteristic of 表現(xiàn)了…的特點(diǎn); 具有...的特性, 為...所特有; 具有...特色的; 具有……的特色; 為…所特有,是…的特征
characteristic adj. 有特性的;表示…特性的,…特有的。 Japan's characteristic art 日本特有的藝術(shù)。 n. 特性,特征,性能,特色。 be characteristic of …所獨(dú)有的特征,有…的特色。 characteristic of logarithm 對(duì)數(shù)的首數(shù)。 adv. -cally
characteristic of 表示特性的; 不關(guān)心的; 獨(dú)有的,特有的; 對(duì)…淡漠; 特有的,表示...特性的; 特征是
Cobots ' passivity and constraint characteristics and their experimental study 合作機(jī)器人的被動(dòng)約束特性及實(shí)驗(yàn)研究
Western project exploitation , in fact all project development , must be confronted with the threat of many kinds of regional risks owing to environmental constraint characteristics of the specific area 項(xiàng)目必須置于特定的區(qū)域環(huán)境中進(jìn)行,因而肯定要面臨項(xiàng)目區(qū)域風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的威脅。
Aiming at this problem , the main research issues and achievements in this paper are as follows : bi - directional data transformation between rdb and xml with semantic constraints preserved for most of existing researches on static data transformation between xml and rdb , dtd is taken as the schema description language for xml , and the semantic constraints are often lost during the transformation process . to overcome these disadvantages , the author adopts xml - schema , a standard schema description language proposed by w3c to replace dtd , as the description method owing to its more powerful functions than dtd , and of course with the syntax much more complicated . after analyzing the constraints characteristics in both xml - schema and relational schema , a semantic constraints - preserved algorithm is proposed which can realize the bi - directional schema mapping between rdb and xml through a formalized description of xml based on regular tree and a general expression for relational schema based on direct graph approach 保留語(yǔ)義約束的xml與rdb雙向靜態(tài)數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換技術(shù)現(xiàn)有研究大多采用dtd ( documenttypedefinition ,文檔類(lèi)型定義)作為xml的模式描述語(yǔ)言,并且在模式映射過(guò)程中丟失語(yǔ)義約束信息,本文分析了xml - schema ( xml - schema采用與dtd完全不同的語(yǔ)法,數(shù)據(jù)描述能力更強(qiáng)同時(shí)也更為復(fù)雜,已被w3c確定為替代dtd作為xml模式描述語(yǔ)言的標(biāo)準(zhǔn))及關(guān)系模式的語(yǔ)義約束特征,通過(guò)基于正則樹(shù)的xml形式化描述方法以及基于有向圖的一般關(guān)系模式表示方法的研究,建立保留語(yǔ)義約束的xml - schema與關(guān)系模式的雙向模式映射算法,實(shí)現(xiàn)了xml與rdb的雙向數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換,較好地解決了xml與rdb在靜態(tài)數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換層面的數(shù)據(jù)集成問(wèn)題,可有效滿足企業(yè)大量rdb數(shù)據(jù)面向xml的發(fā)布以及與日俱增的xml數(shù)據(jù)存入rdb的應(yīng)用需求。