Results show that the levitation force is generated between the high temperature superconductor and the magnetic field under the critical temperature . the value of the levitation force is determined by the temperature and the gradient of magnetic field . that is the smaller of the gap, the larger of the levitation force when the temperature is fixed, and the value of the levitation force is an exponential function of the gap 研究表明,當(dāng)高溫超導(dǎo)體的溫度低于其臨界溫度時(shí),在磁場(chǎng)中開始受到力的作用;受到的懸浮力大小由溫度和磁場(chǎng)梯度共同決定;即溫度一定時(shí),懸浮間距越小,對(duì)應(yīng)的磁場(chǎng)梯度越大,懸浮力就越大,力的大小與懸浮間距成指數(shù)關(guān)系;而當(dāng)懸浮間距一定時(shí),溫度越低,對(duì)應(yīng)的懸浮力也越大,且超導(dǎo)體剛進(jìn)入超導(dǎo)態(tài)的一段溫度區(qū)間懸浮力增大最快。
Based on the confirmation of driving force of lunar rover, we analyze the relationship between adhesion coefficient of road surface and wheel slip . in our research, several types of wheel force model are referenced among them, and we select the polynomial model with exponential function as the wheel force model of the lunar rover 圍繞月球車驅(qū)動(dòng)力的確定,本文分析了路面附著系數(shù)與滑轉(zhuǎn)率的關(guān)系,以車輛動(dòng)力學(xué)分析中常用的幾種車輪力模型為基礎(chǔ),選擇了帶有指數(shù)函數(shù)的多項(xiàng)式模型作為分析月球車車輪附著力的模型。
The useful life curves of gan-based blue led with al2o3 and sic substrate is fit single exponential function [ i = i1 + i2exp (-t / ) ] . fron this function, we could get aging information of led about stable inteneity 1, decay intensity i2 and decay time . the novel method of evaluating aging properties of leds was put forward 用單指數(shù)函數(shù)擬合了發(fā)光二極管的光衰減曲線[i=i_1+i_2exp(t/)],這個(gè)關(guān)系式可以給出三個(gè)信息:穩(wěn)定光強(qiáng)、衰減光強(qiáng)、衰減速度,提出了更加合理的評(píng)價(jià)led老化性能的方法。
On the basis of theory analysis, the average transmitted light intensity ( correspond to dc value ) was determined as characteristic parameter of raw water using photoelectric method for monitoring the fluctuation of transmitted light and photometric dispersion analyzer ( pda ) . the dc value was closely related to both particle concentration and surface area of sand clay simultaneously . the experimental results shows that there is an exponential function relation between dc and surface area of sand clay in unit volume water ( sp ) : dc = asbp in which a and b are empirical coefficients . then the formula of macromolecule flocculant dosage is found to be d = f ( dc ) = e ( dc ) f in which e and / are empirical coefficients and the average correlation coefficient equal to 0.981 . so the model of automatical control system of water treatment plant was established using the formula 應(yīng)用透光率脈動(dòng)檢測(cè)技術(shù)和光散射顆粒粒度分析儀(pda),通過(guò)理論分析,將pda的輸出信號(hào)之一??平均透光強(qiáng)度(對(duì)應(yīng)于dc值)作為原水的特性表征參數(shù),dc值可以同時(shí)反映顆粒濃度和比表面積因素的影響,試驗(yàn)結(jié)果證明,dc值與單位體積水中泥沙顆??偙砻娣es_p之間具有很好的冪函數(shù)關(guān)系:dc=cs_p~d,式中c、d為經(jīng)驗(yàn)系數(shù),進(jìn)而得到了以dc值為參數(shù)的高分子絮凝劑投藥量公式:d=f(dc)=e(dc)~f,式中:e、f為經(jīng)驗(yàn)系數(shù),平均相關(guān)系數(shù)達(dá)0.981,利用所建立的公式,建立了前饋??后饋聯(lián)合控制的在線自動(dòng)投藥模型。
Based on the spectral irradiance measured with the sun-atmosphere ultraviolet spectrum radiometer ( sauvs ) developed by the institute of atmosphere physics and the changchun institute of optics and fine mechanics, chinese academy of sciences, measuring the direct and scatter irradiance spectrum of ultraviolet waveband which arrives in beijing global surface, giving a method of retrieving the aerosol optical depth ( aod ) and put up with primary results that exponential function can fit the retrieval results according to its visibility, putting forth different coefficients and functions on variable visibility, also giving a primary analysis on the aod in dust-storm day and some contrast between sun-day and dust-storm day, analyzing the ratio between scatter and total irradiance, and its relationship with atmosphere mass and total atmosphere optical depth, lastly contrasting with the survey results by aeronet beijing station, the results of retrieval is in reason, this work gives some help in researching the co-effect of aerosol-radiance-climate and makes preparation for further survey on the radiance characteristics of dust 利用中國(guó)科學(xué)院大氣物理研究所與長(zhǎng)春光學(xué)精密機(jī)械研究所合作研制的太陽(yáng)?大氣紫外光譜輻射計(jì)(sauvs),測(cè)量到達(dá)北京地表的太陽(yáng)直接和散射紫外光譜輻射,導(dǎo)出了大氣氣溶膠的光學(xué)厚度。初步結(jié)果表明:北京紫外波段大氣氣溶膠的光學(xué)厚度在絕大部分情況下隨波長(zhǎng)的增加而單調(diào)減小,用指數(shù)函數(shù)可以較好地?cái)M合反演結(jié)果,統(tǒng)計(jì)得到了三個(gè)水平能見度狀況下擬合函數(shù)的系數(shù)值和公式表達(dá)式;初步分析了揚(yáng)沙、浮塵、沙塵暴天氣條件下氣溶膠光學(xué)厚度的特點(diǎn),并與一般晴朗天氣條件下的氣溶膠光學(xué)厚度特點(diǎn)做了比較分析;分析了太陽(yáng)紫外譜輻射中散射輻射與大氣質(zhì)量、大氣總光學(xué)厚度的定性關(guān)系和定量表達(dá)式;最后與全球氣溶膠監(jiān)測(cè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)(aeronet)北京站的資料做比對(duì),表明反演結(jié)果基本合理。
The astringency, error and stability of the numerical method are researched . zero matrix method, constant matrix method, and jacobian matrix method are constructed in order to improve numerical precision and efficiency . the steps for calculating matrix exponential function using pade approach method are given out 研究了所提西安理工大學(xué)博士學(xué)位論文數(shù)值計(jì)算方法的誤差、穩(wěn)定性、收斂性等數(shù)學(xué)性質(zhì),在計(jì)算精度和計(jì)算效率兩方面提出了一些改進(jìn)措施,構(gòu)造了零矩陣法、常數(shù)矩陣法、雅可比矩陣法等計(jì)算格式,給出了利川pade逼近計(jì)算矩陣指數(shù)函數(shù)的求解步驟。
Based on a series of tests and investigations, this paper draws some conclusions as following by processing and analyzing the test data . the minimum icing flashover voltage of composite insulators decreases with the increase of ice amount, and the tendency of it accords with exponential function . however, the relation of the minimum icing flashover voltage with icing water conductivity accords with power function 通過(guò)大量的試驗(yàn)研究工作,對(duì)試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行擬合和分析處理,得到了如下結(jié)論:1)合成絕緣子最低冰閃電壓隨覆冰重量的增加而降低,且其下降趨勢(shì)符合指數(shù)函數(shù)規(guī)律,與覆冰水電導(dǎo)率的關(guān)系符合冪函數(shù)規(guī)律。
A normalized mapping rule of raw grey series is introduced by analysis of exponential function characteristics of the whitening differential equation, which makes the non-equigap grey prediction model ngm ( 1, 1 ) fit for universal raw grey series, improves prediction precision greatly, meanwhile makes innovation to series with negative values and enlarges grey prediction theory 通過(guò)對(duì)白化微分方程解的指數(shù)函數(shù)特性的分析,研究了原始灰序列的歸一化映射規(guī)則,使非等間距灰預(yù)測(cè)模型ngm(1,1)適應(yīng)一般灰序列,灰預(yù)測(cè)精度也大大提高。這亦解決了含負(fù)值灰序列預(yù)測(cè)的理論問(wèn)題,拓寬了灰色預(yù)測(cè)理論。
The results showed that the stress-strain realtionship of pt could be expressed with exponential functions, and there were significant differeces between the normal group and the immobilized group in their theoretical curves of stress-strain relationship and two material constants of pt . also, significant differences were found in tensile strength and tangent modulus between the two groups, but the maximum load of pt in the immobilized group did not decrease significantly 結(jié)果顯示:正常組與制動(dòng)組間髕韌帶的應(yīng)力-應(yīng)變關(guān)系理論曲線有明顯不同,其材料常數(shù)亦有顯著差異;制動(dòng)組髕韌帶的極限強(qiáng)度和彈性模量較正常組均有明顯下降,其極限載荷下降不明顯。
2 . by regression analysis, we can get the relation between rainfall intensity and the loss modulus of organic matter, total nitrogen and the available nitrogen is exponential function by slope the same as cultivation measure . and the relation between slope gradient and the loss modulus of them is power function 經(jīng)回歸分析,可得到坡度和耕作措施相同時(shí),雨強(qiáng)與有機(jī)質(zhì)、全氮和堿解氮的流失模數(shù)之間呈較好的指數(shù)函數(shù)關(guān)系;當(dāng)耕作措施相同、雨強(qiáng)接近時(shí),有機(jī)質(zhì)、全氮和堿解氮的流失模數(shù)與坡度之間呈較好的冪函數(shù)關(guān)系。