The more mixing that occurs in the estuary , the greater is the landward flow in the subsurface layer 在河口灣出現(xiàn)的混合越強(qiáng)烈,次表層向陸地方向的流量就越大。
All spirit ' s cameras could see was volcanic rock and wind - blown dust in every direction , even in the subsurface layers inside craters “勇氣號”的照相機(jī)所能拍攝到的只有火山巖,及被風(fēng)揚起,遍布四方? ?就連彈坑下方也不能幸免? ?的沙塵。
The stratification is very obvious in the vertical profiles of chlorophyll and dissolved oxygen , with high content in the subsurface layer when thermocline exists 在溫躍層存在季節(jié),黃海冷水團(tuán)水域的葉綠素和溶解氧含量出現(xiàn)次表層最大值現(xiàn)象。
Oxygen atoms in the air are known to actively react with the fresh gaas . it was observed that the ga - o bond is stronger than that of as - o and that ga atoms preferentially migrate towards the surface leaving vacancies behind in the subsurface region . this behavior can convert the subsurface layer into an as - enriched one 本文分析了硫鈍化后源漏飽和電流減小的原因,認(rèn)為gaas表面極易被空氣中的氧原子氧化,由于ga - o鍵比as - o鍵結(jié)合的更緊, ga原子優(yōu)先向表面移動,這導(dǎo)致亞表面層成為富as層。
Owing to the interfacial cracking which occurs under higher applied load conditions , the composite with high content of tib _ 2 phase exhibited a transition from mild wear to severe wear over the applied load range from 10 n to 80 n . under moderate applied load , increasing the sliding speed caused a decrease in wear rate and friction coefficient of the in - situ composites because the formation of a protective oxide film occurred on the sliding surface and the hardness of the subsurface layer was maintained due to reinforcement of tib2 nanoparticles in the cu matrix 隨著載荷的增加, cu -納米tib2原位復(fù)合材料的磨損率和摩擦系數(shù)增加;由于在較高載荷下發(fā)生表面開裂,高含量的tib2相增強(qiáng)原位復(fù)合材料發(fā)生了由輕度磨損向嚴(yán)重磨損形式的轉(zhuǎn)化。在中等載荷下由于表面保護(hù)性氧化膜的形成和基體中納米tib2相的存在使復(fù)合材料具有良好的抗軟化能力, cu -納米tib2原位復(fù)合材料的磨損率和摩擦系數(shù)隨著滑動速度的增加而下降。