A general stack equation of mobile robot based on analyzing the motion of planar motion object and the mathematical models of four different kinds of common wheels is developed , accordingly , the mobility of mobile robot is addressed and the forward and inverse solutions to speed for specific configuration driven by differential speed are derived . utilizing the muir and newman convention , the description of the posture transformation matrices between different coordinate frames and the solution for the speed of point located on these frames are introduced . according to posture estimation , a more accurate method , dead reckoning algorithm , is developed for a specified configuration characterized by differential speed motorization , and simulations of this algorithm and other traditional methods are carried out using matlab while traversing a circular path 本文對(duì)兩輪差速驅(qū)動(dòng)移動(dòng)機(jī)器人的運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)及其本體緩沖設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)行了探討,在對(duì)平面運(yùn)動(dòng)物體運(yùn)動(dòng)分析的基礎(chǔ)上結(jié)合四種常用車輪的數(shù)學(xué)模型,推導(dǎo)出了一個(gè)通用的移動(dòng)機(jī)器人堆積方程,在此基礎(chǔ)上分析了移動(dòng)機(jī)器人的移動(dòng)能力、并針對(duì)兩輪差速構(gòu)型推導(dǎo)了速度正解與逆解;使用muir和newman的運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)建模方法,推導(dǎo)了移動(dòng)機(jī)器人上點(diǎn)及連桿坐標(biāo)系位姿、速度變換關(guān)系矩陣及求解方法;在移動(dòng)機(jī)器人位姿識(shí)別方法中結(jié)合差速驅(qū)動(dòng)構(gòu)型對(duì)航位推算法進(jìn)行了分析:推導(dǎo)了一種理論精度較高的航位推算算法,并使用matlab對(duì)其與傳統(tǒng)的推算算法在跟蹤圓弧軌跡情況下進(jìn)行了仿真;最后針對(duì)本文所研究的機(jī)器人給出了一種比較系統(tǒng)、可靠的緩沖結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)思路,較好地解決了移動(dòng)機(jī)器人作業(yè)過程中外界因素及本身設(shè)計(jì)中引入的各種不確定誤差問題;本論文研究成果已在本實(shí)驗(yàn)室所開發(fā)的樣機(jī)上得到實(shí)現(xiàn),經(jīng)過應(yīng)用與考核證明其中的分析與設(shè)計(jì)是切實(shí)可行的。